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Concurrent validity and reliability of a free smartphone application for evaluation of jump height
Publication . Dias, Amândio; Pires, Paulo; Santana, Leandro; Marques, Paulo; Espada, Mário C.; Santos, Fernando; Silva, Eduardo Jorge da; Rebelo, André; Teixeira, Diogo S.
Background/Objectives: Jump test assessment is commonly used for physical tests, with different type of devices used for its evaluation. The purpose of the present study was to examine the validity and reliability of a freely accessible mobile application (VertVision, version 2.0.5) for measuring jump performance.
Methods: With that intent, thirty-eight college age recreationally active subjects underwent test assessment after a specific warm-up, performing countermovement jumps (CMJs) and squat jumps (SJs) on a contact platform while being recorded with a smartphone camera. Jump height was the criterion variable, with the same formula being used for both methods. Data analysis was performed by two experienced observers.
Results: The results showed strong correlations with the contact platform (ICC > 0.9) for both jumps. Furthermore, between-observer reliability was also high (ICC > 0.9; CV ≤ 2.19), with lower values for smallest worthwhile change (≤0.23) and typical error of measurement (≤0.14). Estimation error varied when accounting for both observers, with the SJ accounting for bigger differences (4.1–6.03%), when compared to the CMJ (0.73–3.09%).
Conclusions: The study suggests that VertVision is a suitable and handy method for evaluating jump performance. However, it presents a slight estimation error when compared to the contact platform.
Comparison of the effects of oral hygiene instruction methods on oral hygiene and self-perception in older adults : a randomized controlled trial
Publication . Santos, Inês Caetano; Colaço, Catarina; Canales, Giancarlo De la Torre; Proença, Luís; Polido, Mário; Mendes, José João; Canhão, Helena; Manso, Ana Cristina
Background: Age-related conditions, such as being misinformed, having limited oral health literacy, and the loss of manual dexterity, autonomy, or visual acuity, may act as barriers to oral health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of two different oral hygiene instruction methods on oral hygiene and the self-perception of oral health in older adults.
Methods: This randomized controlled trial included participants aged 65 and older who completed a questionnaire on socio-economic factors, self-perceived oral health, and oral hygiene behaviours. Oral hygiene status was assessed using the Oral Hygiene Index—Simplified (OHI-S). Participants were randomly allocated into two different groups, according to the method of oral hygiene instruction: a “General Approach” (GA) (n = 28) and a “Personalized Technique” (PT) (n = 26). After two months, a follow-up session was conducted. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential methodologies.
Results: The GA and PT methods were effective in promoting oral hygiene behaviours, with a significant increase in the use of interdental devices, but no significant differences were found between the two methods. Self-perceived oral health did not change significantly, neither after the instruction nor between methods. Significant improvements were achieved with both methods for the OHI-S, with significant differences between the two methods for the Calculus Index, where the PT achieved better results.
Conclusions: Oral hygiene education leads to improvements in the adoption of oral hygiene behaviours and clinical indicators. Furthermore, a personalized approach promoted better results in clinical indicators.
Impacto do Risco Percebido e da Inovação na Moda na Confiança e Intenção de Compra Online de Artigos de Moda
Publication . Pais,; Carolina Lopes; Martins,, Nayra Leandro Miguel
A presente investigação tem como principal objetivo analisar o impacto do risco percebido e da inovação na moda na confiança e na intenção de compra de artigos de moda online, moderados pelo perfil do consumidor, segundo a lei da difusão da inovação. Este estudo responde a uma lacuna da literatura, pois não existem estudos que investigam o efeito moderador da tipologia do consumidor na relação entre a confiança e a intenção de compra de artigos de moda online.
A partir dos constructos mencionados, foi proposto um modelo de investigação e realizado um estudo empírico que contou com uma amostra de 290 inquiridos. Através do tratamento estatístico dos dados com recurso a PLS-SEM, foi demonstrado que a inovação na moda exerce um efeito positivo na confiança e na intenção de compra de artigos de moda online e que a confiança exerce um impacto positivo na intenção de compra de artigos de moda online. Por sua vez, o risco percebido exerce uma influência negativa na confiança.
Os resultados obtidos apresentam contribuições académicas, uma vez que não existia nenhum estudo focado na influência do risco percebido e inovação na moda na confiança e intenção de compra online de artigos de moda, nem nenhum estudo que analise o efeito moderador da tipologia do consumidor segundo a lei da difusão da inovação na relação entre a confiança e a intenção de compra de artigos de moda online, contribuindo para o preenchimento da lacuna identificada na literatura. Por outro lado, também apresenta contribuições para o mundo empresarial, ajudando as marcas a compreender melhor o comportamento de compra do consumidor de artigos de moda online e, consequentemente, a melhorar as suas estratégia
Comparison of cytokine RANTES/CCL5 inflammation in apical periodontitis and in jawbone cavitations : retrospective clinical study
Publication . Cruz, Joana Vasconcelos e; Notter, Florian; Schick, Fabian; Lechner, Johann
Background: Apical periodontitis (AP) is one of the most common endodontic diseases associated with osteo destructive cytokine production. The literature also reports cytokine studies in fatty degenerative osteonecrotic bone marrow defects (BMDJ/FDOJ) independent of AP.
Objective: We compare the RANTES/CCL5 (R/C) chemokine production between AP and BMDJ/FDOJ. For both pathologies, the R/C expression was also compared to radiographic diagnosis in 2D-OPG, 3D-CBCT/DVT.
Material and Methods: Postoperative samples were collected and divided in three different groups: HB (healthy jawbone) (n=19), APs (n=19), and BMDJ/FDOJ (n=7). The R/C expression was evaluated using multiplex analysis. In addition, two clinical cases from AP and BMDJ/FDOJ groups were randomly selected and radiographic diagnosis in 2D-OPG and 3D-CBCT/DVT was compared to TAU measurements and R/C expression in AP and in BMDJ/FDOJ.
Results: BMDJ/FDOJ showed the highest R/C expression (2498.71 pg/mL), followed by AP (841.85 pg/mL) and HB (149.85 pg/mL) (AP vs BMDJ/FDOJ = p=0.01; AP vs HB = p=< 0.01; BMDJ/FDOJ vs HB = p=< 0.01). In both clinical cases, the radiographic findings depict the AP areas in OPG and CBCT/DVT, in contrast to the BMDJ/FDOJ areas. Conversely, the systemic immunological R/C expressions are threefold and fivefold excessive in both cases.
Discussion: AP is recognized as a pathology requiring treatment, while the pathogenesis of BMDJ/FDOJ is controversially discussed in the literature, despite stronger potential systemic immunological effects (breast cancer (case 1) and multiple sclerosis (case 2)). The inadequate radiographic representation of reduced bone density in BMDJ/FDOJ areas could be a reason for this contradiction.
Conclusion: The data presented provide the first quantitative analysis of R/C expression in AP and BMDJ/FDOJ. BMDJ/FDOJ showed high R/C expression than AP, besides the diagnostic through radiographs being extremely poor. To cover this imprecision, a radiation-free TAU device is available.
Comparative analysis of endodontic ISO size 06, 08, and 10 stainless steel K-files used for glide path procedures
Publication . Baruwa, Abayomi Omokeji; Chasqueira, Filipa; Arantes-Oliveira, Sofia; Caramês, João; Marques, Duarte; Portugal, Jaime; Martins, Jorge N. R.
Small-sized stainless steel hand files are conventionally employed in root canal treatment procedures for canal scouting and for glide path establishment, owing to their superior flexibility and proficiency in navigating confined spaces. Given the diversity of brands available in the market, there exists potential variability in their physical characteristics, thereby influencing clinical performance. Consequently, this study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the design, metallurgy, and mechanical characteristics among seven stainless steel hand file brands across ISO sizes 06, 08, and 10. A total of 315 new 25 mm length stainless steel hand files with apical sizes of 0.06, 0.08, and 0.10 from seven distinct brands were included in the study. A meticulous inspection of all instruments was undertaken to identify any structural deformations that might render them ineligible for the study. The design inspection involved the random selection of instruments from each group, which were examined under various microscopes, including a dental operating microscope, optical microscope, and scanning electron microscope. Furthermore, two instruments from each group underwent energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis for elemental composition documentation. Mechanical tests were conducted to evaluate the instruments’ resistance to lateral deformation (buckling) and their microhardness. Statistical analysis was executed using the nonparametric Mood’s median test, with a predetermined significance level of 0.05. Regarding the instruments design, all files exhibited an active blade length ranging from 16 to 17 mm. However, variations were observed in the number of spirals, tip designs, and sizes, with the API K-File notably larger in sizes 0.06 and 0.08 compared to the other instruments. Despite uniform elements composition, differences in geometric features and mechanical properties were evident. Concerning buckling strength, the API K-File demonstrated superior performance across all tested sizes, while the Dentsply ReadySteel, SybronEndo, and Mani K-Files exhibited lower results (p < 0.05). In microhardness assessments, both the API and Oro K-Files displayed the lowest outcomes, with medians of 531 HVN and 532 HVN, respectively, whereas the SybronEndo K-File exhibited the highest microhardness (657 HVN). Despite similar metallurgical composition, the observed distinctions in geometric features and mechanical properties underscore the impact of the manufacturing process on the characteristics of glide path stainless steel endodontic files. These disparities may ultimately influence their clinical performance.